Gianluca did something really interesting at the start of his lecture, which was to recount and summarize all of the previous lectures, and direct their ideas towards the theme of his own lecture. In addition, I’m not sure if this was his reason for doing this, but by referencing all of the previous lecturers, he demonstrates the value of the other lecturers. Futurism was the first of the historical avant-garde movements to represent the world in a new way – it was something radically different. Marinetti said that literature covered “immobility, ecstasy, and sleep.” Elio Pagliarani stated that the ultimate goal of the avant-garde movement was the “change the world.” What was incredible was that Marinetti was able to publish his manifesto in Le Figaro (which was one of the larger newspapers of the time) without being stopped! “We intend to exalt aggressive action, a feverish insomnia… the punch and the slap.” This began an incredible stream of lucky public relations placements – Marinetti became a propaganda machine. So the question becomes, can Marinetti’s aesthetic achievements stand on their own when paired with the aggression presented in the manifestos?