Today we learned about the Early Renaissance period (15th century) in Italy. We began by discussing the movement towards studia humanitatis, or study of human works, such as rhetoric, literature, history, moral philosophy, and art. Much of this study brought emphasis back to the knowledge acquired by the Greco-Romans. Florence was a key player in the Renaissance period, feeling especially connected to Ancient Rome as they adopted the republic system of government. The government was controlled by bankers and merchants, not the aristocracy. Guilds played a very significant role in the development of a prominent art and architectural scene in Florence. Guilds were bodies that were responsible for legislation and training within a specific field or trade, with the goal of achieving the title of “master”. Guilds were often the patrons of artists/artisans, as they commissioned great works of art/ architecture. One example of a guild commissioning a work of art which we discussed in class was the doors for the Baptistry of Saint John, which was overseen by the guild of wool merchants. They hosted a competition between artists to see who would complete the bronze doors. The final two artists were Ghiberti and Brunelleschi, who each designed a panel depicting the sacrifice of Isaac. Ghiberti was selected to complete the project for the baptistery, which redirected Brunelleschi to the field of architecture. He studied architecture in Rome, returning to Florence to complete the Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore.